Ubuthakathaka kwabadala kwesinye isikhathi bacatshangelwa njengokunciphisa umzimba, okubandakanya ukulahleka kwesisindo semisipha, nobudala obusha, kepha ucwaningo olusha lubonisa ukuthi inzuzo yesisindo nayo ingadlala indima esimweni.
Ocwaningweni olushicilelwe uJan.3 e-The Journal BMJ Vula, abacwaningi abavela eNorway bathola ukuthi abantu abakhuluphele ngokweqile (i-BMI) noma umjikelezo we-body mass (BMI Eminyakeni engu-21 kamuva.
"Ukuchitheka kuyisithiyo esinamandla sokuguga nokuguga ngenqubo yakho," kusho uNikhil Satchidanand, Ph.D., udokotela osizayo kanye noprofesa osizayo eyunivesithi eBuffalo, ababengazibandakanyi esifundweni esisha.
Abantu abadala ababuthakathaka basengozini enkulu yokuwa nokulimala, izibhedlela nezinkinga, kusho yena.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uthi, abantu asebekhulile ababuthaka maningi amathuba okuthola ukwehlukana okuholela ekulahlekelweni yinkululeko kanye nesidingo sokubekwa endaweni yokunakekela isikhathi eside.
Imiphumela yocwaningo olusha iyahambisana nezifundo ezedlule ezedlule ezithole inhlangano phakathi kokukhuluphala kwe-midlife nokukhathaza kwangaphambilini ngokuhamba kwesikhathi empilweni.
Abaphenyi nabo abalandeli ushintsho ekutholeni kwabahlanganyeli, ukudla, imikhuba, kanye nobungane ngesikhathi sokufunda esingathinta ingozi yabo yobuthakathaka.
Kepha ababhali babhala ukuthi imiphumela yesifundo igqamisa "ukubaluleka kokuhlola njalo nokugcina i-BMI efanelekile kanye [nokujikeleza okhalweni] Kuwo wonke umuntu obudala ukunciphisa ubungozi bokuguga."
Lolu cwaningo lususelwa kwimininingwane yocwaningo kusuka kubahlali abangaphezu kuka-4 55 abaneminyaka engama-45 nangaphezulu eTromsø, Norway phakathi kuka-1994 no-2015.
Ocwaningweni ngalunye, ukuphakama nesisindo sabahlanganyeli kwalinganiswa. Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukubala i-BMI, okuyithuluzi lokuhlola izigaba zesisindo ezingadala izinkinga zempilo. I-BMI ephakeme ayibonisi njalo izinga lamafutha omzimba aphezulu.
Olunye ucwaningo luphinde futhi lulinganise ukujikeleza okhalweni kwabahlanganyeli, okwakusetshenziselwa ukukala amanoni esisu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abaphenyi bachaza ubuthakathaka ngokususelwa kule mibandela elandelayo: Ukuncipha kwesisindo okungahlosile, ukuchitha, amandla abuthakathaka, ijubane lokuhamba kancane, kanye namazinga aphansi okusebenza komzimba.
I-Frailty ibonakala ngokuba khona okungenani kwezintathu kulezi zindlela, ngenkathi ukugcwala kunenye noma ezimbili.
Ngoba yi-1% kuphela yababambiqhaza ababebuthakathaka ekuhambeleni kokugcina okulandelayo, abacwaningi bahlela laba bantu abane-28% ababebuthakathaka ngaphambili.
Ukuhlaziywa kwathola ukuthi abantu ababekhuluphele eminyakeni yobudala obuphakathi (njengoba kukhonjisiwe yi-BMI ephakeme) cishe amathuba ama-2,5 amathuba okuthi ahlupheke ngenxa yobuthakathaka eneminyaka engama-21 uma kuqhathaniswa nabantu abane-BMI evamile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abanesilinganiselo esiphakeme esiphakeme noma esiphakeme sasiphindwe kabili kunalokho obekuphindwe kabili kunalokho kuhlolwe kabusha / ubuthakathaka ekuhlolweni kokugcina uma kuqhathaniswa nabantu abanqenqemeni obujwayelekile.
Abaphenyi baphinde bathola ukuthi uma abantu bethola isisindo noma bandisa ukujikeleza kwabo okhalweni ngalesi sikhathi, kungenzeka babe buthakathaka ekugcineni kwesikhathi sokufunda.
USattchidanand uthe lolu cwaningo luhlinzeka ngobufakazi obungeziwe bokuthi izinqumo zokuphila kusenesikhathi zinempilo zingasiza ekugugeni ngempumelelo.
"Lolu cwaningo lusikhumbuze ukuthi imiphumela emibi yokukhuluphala ngokweqile kusukela ebudaleni yakuqala," kusho yena, "futhi izothinta kakhulu impilo yonke, ukusebenza kanye nekhwalithi yempilo yabantu abadala asebekhulile."
UDkt David Cutler, udokotela wezidakamizwa emndenini ePornidence St. Johns Medical Center eSanta Monica, eCalifornia, uthe elinye lokushiyeka kocwaningo ukuthi abaphenyi bagxile ezicini zobuthakathaka.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, "abantu abaningi bayobona ubuthakathaka njengokuwohloka emisebenzini engokomzimba neqondayo," kusho yena.
Ngenkathi inqubo engokomzimba abacwaningi abayisebenzisa kulolu cwaningo baye basebenza kwezinye izifundo, abanye abacwaningi bazamile ukuchaza ezinye izici zobuthakathaka, njengezici zengqondo, ezenhlalo nezengqondo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ababambiqhaza ocwaningweni olusha babike ezinye izinkomba ze-frailty, njengokukhathala, ukungasebenzi kahle ngokomzimba nokuncipha kwesisindo okungalindelekile, okusho ukuthi kungenzeka kungabi kunembile, kusho ukuthi kungenzeka bangabi banembile, kusho abe-cutler.
Omunye umkhawulo ophawulwe ngu-cuteler ukuthi abanye abantu baphume esifundweni ngaphambi kokuvakasha kokugcina okulandelayo. Abaphenyi bathola ukuthi laba bantu babevame ukuba mdala, bakhuluphele kakhulu, futhi babe nezinye izici zobungozi zobuthakathaka.
Kodwa-ke, imiphumela yayifana lapho abacwaningi bekhipha abantu abangaphezu kwama-60 ekuqaleni kwesifundo.
Ngenkathi izifundo zangaphambilini zithole ubungozi obukhulayo be-frailty abesifazane abangaphansi bukhona, isifundo esisha sasihlanganisa abantu abambalwa kakhulu abacwaningi abazovivinya lesi sixhumanisi.
Naphezu kohlobo lokuhlola ukucwaninga, abacwaningi banikela ngezindlela eziningana zebhayoloji ezitholakele.
Ukwanda kwamafutha omzimba kungaholela ekuvuvukeni emzimbeni, okubuye kuhlotshaniswa nobuthakathaka. Babhale ukuthi ukubekwa kwamafutha emisipha yemisipha kungaholela ekunciphiseni amandla emisipha.
UDkt Mir Ali, udokotela ohlinzayo uBariatric noMqondisi Wezokwelapha weSikhumbuzo se-Memoriccare Bariatric Surgery Center e-Orage Coast Metro, eCalif.
Uthi: "Iziguli zami ezikhuluphele zivame ukuba nezinkinga ezihlanganyelwe nezingemuva. "Lokhu kuthinta ukuhamba kwabo kanye nekhono lokuphila impilo enhle, kufaka phakathi njengoba bekhula."
Ngenkathi ubuthakathaka ngandlela thile baxhumene nokuguga, uSattchiDanand uthe kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu osekhulile oba obuthakathaka.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, "yize izindlela ezingaphansi kobuthakathaka ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi ehlukahlukene, sinokulawula okuthile ngezinto eziningi ezifaka isandla ebuthakathalweni," kusho yena.
Ukukhetha kwendlela yokuphila, njengokusebenza njalo komzimba, ukudla okunempilo, ukuhlanzeka kokulala kahle, nokuphathwa kwengcindezi, kuthonya inzuzo yesisindo ebudaleni, kusho yena.
"Kunezici eziningi ezibangela ukukhuluphala," kusho yena, kufaka phakathi izakhi zofuzo, ama-hormone, ukufinyelela kokudla kwekhwalithi, nemfundo yomuntu, imali engenayo kanye nomsebenzi.
Ngenkathi uSutler ayenokukhathazeka okuthile mayelana nokulinganiselwa kocwaningo, kusho lesi sifundo sibonisa ukuthi odokotela, iziguli kanye nomphakathi kufanele bazi ngobuthakathaka.
"Eqinisweni, asazi ukuthi singabhekana kanjani nobuthakathaka. Asisho ukuthi ungakuvimbela kanjani. Kepha kudingeka sazi ngakho, "kusho yena.
Ukuqwashisa ngobungozi kubaluleke kakhulu kunikezwe inani labantu asebekhulile, kusho uSatchidanand.
"Njengoba umphakathi wethu wembulunga yonke uqhubeka nokukhula ngokushesha futhi isikhathi sethu sokuphila sikhuphuka, sibhekene nesidingo sokuqonda kangcono izindlela eziyisisekelo zobumbano," kusho yena, "futhi athuthukise amasu asebenzayo futhi aphathekayo ukuvikela nokwelapha i-Frailty Syndrome."
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