Ubuthakathaka kubantu asebekhulile ngezinye izikhathi kucatshangwa njengokulahlekelwa isisindo, kuhlanganise nokulahlekelwa kwemisipha, ngeminyaka, kodwa ucwaningo olusha lubonisa ukuthi ukuzuza kwesisindo kungase kube nendima esimweni.
Ocwaningweni olushicilelwe ngoJanuwari 23 kujenali i-BMJ Open, abacwaningi baseNorway bathola ukuthi abantu abakhuluphele ngokweqile abaseminyakeni ephakathi (okukalwa nge-body mass index (BMI) noma isiyingi sokhalo) basengozini enkulu yokuba buthakathaka noma ubuthakathaka kwasekuqaleni. .Ngemva kweminyaka engu-21.
"I-Fragility isithiyo esinamandla sokuguga okuphumelelayo nokuguga ngokwemibandela yakho," kusho u-Nikhil Satchidanand, Ph.D., isazi sokusebenza komzimba nomsizi kaprofesa eNyuvesi yaseBuffalo, owayengahileleki ocwaningweni olusha.
Abantu abadala ababuthaka basengozini enkulu yokuwa nokulimala, ukulaliswa esibhedlela kanye nezinkinga, esho.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uthi, abantu asebekhulile ababuthaka kungenzeka babhekane nokuwohloka okuholela ekulahlekelweni ukuzimela kanye nesidingo sokubekwa esikhungweni sokunakekela isikhathi eside.
Imiphumela yocwaningo olusha ihambisana nezifundo zangaphambilini zesikhathi eside ezithole ukuhlobana phakathi kokukhuluphala kwe-midlife kanye nokukhathala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kamuva ekuphileni.
Abacwaningi futhi abazange balandelele izinguquko endleleni yokuphila yabahlanganyeli, indlela yokudla, imikhuba, nobungane phakathi nesikhathi socwaningo ezingase zibe nomthelela engozini yabo yokuba buthakathaka.
Kodwa ababhali babhala ukuthi imiphumela yocwaningo iqokomisa “ukubaluleka kokuhlola nokugcina i-BMI efanele kanye [nokhalo] phakathi nesikhathi sonke sokukhula ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yokuba buthakathaka ekugugeni.”
Ucwaningo lusekelwe kudatha yenhlolovo evela kubahlali abangaphezu kuka-4,500 abaneminyaka engu-45 nangaphezulu eTromsø, eNorway phakathi kuka-1994 no-2015.
Kuhlolo ngalunye, ubude nesisindo sabahlanganyeli kukalwa.Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukubala i-BMI, okuyithuluzi lokuhlola izigaba zesisindo ezingabangela izinkinga zempilo.I-BMI ephakeme ayibonisi ngaso sonke isikhathi izinga eliphezulu lamafutha omzimba.
Okunye ukuhlola kuphinde kukala umjikelezo okhalo lwabahlanganyeli, okwasetshenziswa ukulinganisa amafutha esisu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abacwaningi bachaza ubuthakathaka ngokusekelwe kulezi zindlela ezilandelayo: ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo okungahlosiwe, ukuchithwa, amandla okubamba abuthakathaka, isivinini sokuhamba kancane, namazinga aphansi okusebenza ngokomzimba.
Ubuthakathaka bubonakala ngokuba khona okungenani kwezintathu zalezi zindlela, kuyilapho ubuthakathaka bunoyedwa noma ezimbili.
Ngenxa yokuthi u-1% kuphela wabahlanganyeli waba buthaka ekuvakasheni kokulandelela kokugcina, abacwaningi bahlanganisa laba bantu nabangu-28% ababebuthaka ngaphambilini.
Ukuhlaziywa kwathola ukuthi abantu ababekhuluphele eminyakeni yobudala ephakathi (njengoba kuboniswe i-BMI ephakeme) cishe babephindwe izikhathi ezingu-2.5 zokuhlupheka ngenxa yobuthakathaka eminyakeni engu-21 uma kuqhathaniswa nabantu abane-BMI evamile.
Ukwengeza, abantu abanomjikelezo wokhalo oluphakeme ngokumaphakathi noma oluphakeme babe namathuba aphindwe kabili okuba ne-prefrastylism/ubuthakathaka ekuhlolweni kokugcina uma kuqhathaniswa nabantu abanokhalo olujwayelekile.
Abacwaningi baphinde bathola ukuthi uma abantu bekhuluphala noma benyusa ukhalo phakathi nalesi sikhathi, maningi amathuba okuthi babe buthakathaka ekupheleni kwenkathi yocwaningo.
USatchidanand uthe ucwaningo lunikeza ubufakazi obengeziwe bokuthi ukukhetha indlela yokuphila enempilo kusenesikhathi kungaba nomthelela ekugugeni okuphumelelayo.
Uthe: “Lolu cwaningo kufanele lusikhumbuze ukuthi imiphumela emibi yokwanda kokukhuluphala ngokweqile kusukela ebudaleni imbi kakhulu,” kusho yena, “futhi izoba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni, ukusebenza kanye nezinga lempilo yabantu asebekhulile.”
UDkt David Cutler, udokotela wemithi yomndeni e-Providence St. Johns Medical Centre e-Santa Monica, eCalifornia, uthe enye yeziphambeko zocwaningo ukuthi abacwaningi bagxile ezicini ezingokwenyama zobuthakathaka.
Ngokuphambene, “abantu abaningi bayobona ubuthakathaka njengokuwohloka kwemisebenzi engokomzimba nengokwengqondo,” esho.
Nakuba izindlela ezingokwenyama ezisetshenziswe abacwaningi kulolu cwaningo ziye zasetshenziswa kwezinye izifundo, abanye abacwaningi baye bazama ukuchaza ezinye izici zobuthakathaka, ezifana nezici zengqondo, zezenhlalakahle, nezengqondo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abahlanganyeli ocwaningweni olusha babike ezinye izinkomba zobuthakathaka, njengokukhathala, ukungasebenzi ngokomzimba kanye nokulahlekelwa kwesisindo esingalindelekile, okusho ukuthi bangase bangabi nembayo, kusho u-Cutler.
Omunye umkhawulo ophawulwe u-Cutler ukuthi abanye abantu baye bayeka ocwaningweni ngaphambi kokuvakasha kokugcina kokulandelela.Abacwaningi bathola ukuthi laba bantu bavame ukuba ngabantu abadala, abakhuluphele kakhulu, futhi babe nezinye izici eziyingozi zobuthakathaka.
Kodwa-ke, imiphumela yayifana lapho abacwaningi bengafaki abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60 ekuqaleni kocwaningo.
Nakuba izifundo zangaphambili zithole ubungozi obukhulayo bobuthakathaka kwabesifazane abangaphansi kwesisindo somzimba, ucwaningo olusha lwaluhlanganisa abantu abambalwa kakhulu abanesisindo esincane kakhulu ukuze abacwaningi bahlole lesi sixhumanisi.
Naphezu kwemvelo yokuqaphela yocwaningo, abacwaningi banikeza izindlela ezimbalwa zebhayoloji ezingaba khona ekutholeni kwabo.
Ukwanda kwamafutha omzimba kungaholela ekuvuvukeni emzimbeni, okuhambisana nokuba buthakathaka.Babhala ukuthi ukufakwa kwamafutha emicu yemisipha nakho kungaholela ekunciphiseni amandla emisipha.
UDkt. Mir Ali, udokotela ohlinzayo kanye nomqondisi wezokwelapha we-MemorialCare Bariatric Surgery Centre e-Orange Coast Medical Centre e-Fountain Valley, Calif., uthi ukukhuluphala kuthinta ukusebenza kamuva ekuphileni ngezinye izindlela.
Uthi: “Iziguli zami ezikhuluphele ngokweqile zivame ukuba nezinkinga eziningi zamalunga neqolo."Lokhu kuthinta ukuhamba nekhono labo lokuphila impilo ehloniphekile, okuhlanganisa nokukhula kwabo."
Nakuba ubuthakathaka ngandlela thize buhlobene nokuguga, uSatchidanand uthe kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi akubona bonke abantu abadala ababa buthaka.
Ukwengeza, "nakuba izindlela eziyisisekelo zobuthakathaka ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi zine-multidimensional, sinokulawula okuthile phezu kwezici eziningi ezibangela ubuthakathaka," esho.
Ukukhetha indlela yokuphila, njengokuvivinya umzimba njalo, ukudla okunempilo, inhlanzeko yokulala efanele, nokulawula ukucindezeleka, kuthonya ukuzuza kwesisindo lapho usumdala, uthi.
“Ziningi izinto ezidala ukukhuluphala ngokweqile,” esho, okuhlanganisa izakhi zofuzo, amahomoni, ukuthola ukudla okuseqophelweni eliphezulu, nemfundo yomuntu, iholo, nomsebenzi.
Nakuba u-Cutler enokukhathazeka okuthile mayelana nokulinganiselwa kocwaningo, uthe ucwaningo luphakamisa ukuthi odokotela, iziguli kanye nomphakathi kufanele baqaphele ubuthakathaka.
“Eqinisweni, asazi ukuthi kufanele sibhekane kanjani nobuthakathaka.Asazi ngempela ukuthi singakuvimbela kanjani.Kodwa kumele sazi ngayo,” kusho yena.
Ukuqwashisa abantu ngokuba sengozini kubaluleke kakhulu uma kubhekwa abantu abagugayo, kusho uSatchidanand.
“Njengoba umphakathi wethu womhlaba wonke uqhubeka nokuguga ngokushesha futhi isilinganiso sethu sokuphila sikhula, sibhekene nesidingo sokuqonda kangcono izindlela eziyisisekelo zobuthakathaka,” esho, “futhi sithuthukise amasu asebenzayo nalawulekayo okuvimbela nokwelapha i-frailty syndrome.”
Ochwepheshe bethu bahlala beqapha impilo nokuphila kahle futhi babuyekeza ama-athikili ethu njengoba ulwazi olusha lutholakala.
Thola ukuthi ukwehla kwamazinga e-estrogen ngesikhathi sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kungaholela kanjani ekukhuleni kwesisindo kanye nokuthi ungakugwema kanjani.
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