Ukulungiswa kwenjini kubalulekile ukwelula impilo yesihambisi sakho. Eqinisweni, ukukhethwa kokuqala kwenjini efanele kungenza umehluko omkhulu ohlelweni lwesondlo.
Ngokuqonda izidingo ze-torque ze-motor kanye nokukhetha izici ezifanele zemishini, umuntu angakhetha imoto ezohlala iminyaka eminingi ngaphandle kwewaranti elungiswa okuncane.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-motor kagesi ukukhiqiza i-torque, okuncike emandleni nangejubane. I-National Electrical Association (NEMA) ithuthukise amazinga wokuhlukaniswa kwe-Design echaza amakhono ahlukahlukene ama-motors. Lezi zigaba zaziwa njenge-NEMA Design Curves futhi ngokuvamile ziyizinhlobo ezine: a, B, C, no-D.
Ijika ngalinye lichaza i-torque ejwayelekile edingekayo ukuze uqale, usheshise futhi usebenze ngemithwalo ehlukile. I-NEMA Design B Motors ibhekwa njengemoto ejwayelekile. Zisetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo lapho okuqala khona okuphansi kuphansi kancane, lapho i-torque ephakeme ephezulu ingadingeki, futhi lapho imoto ingadingi ukusekela imithwalo esindayo.
Yize iNema Design B imboza cishe ama-70% wawo wonke ama-motors, eminye imiklamo ye-torque kwesinye isikhathi iyadingeka.
I-NEMA I-Design ifana ne-Design B kodwa inokuqala okuphezulu kwamanje ne-torque. Zihlelele ama-motors afaneleke ukusetshenziswa ngokuguquguquka okujwayelekile okujwayelekile (VFFS) ngenxa ye-torque ephezulu ephezulu eyenzeka lapho imoto isebenza eduze komthwalo ogcwele, futhi ukuqala okuphezulu kokuqala akukuthinti ukusebenza.
I-NEMA Design C no-D Motors ibhekwa njenge-torque motors ephezulu. Zisetshenziswa lapho i-torque ethe xaxa idingeka kusenesikhathi kwinqubo ukuqala imithwalo esindayo kakhulu.
Umehluko omkhulu kakhulu phakathi kwe-NEMA C ne-D Designs inani lesivinini sokuphela kwesivinini. Ijubane lesiliphu lemoto lithinta ngqo ijubane lemoto ngokugcwele umthwalo. I-pole-ezine, i-no-slip motor izosebenza ngo-1800 RPM. Imoto efanayo enesilingi esiningi izosebenza ngo-1725 RPM, ngenkathi imoto enesiliphu esincane isebenza ngo-1780 RPM.
Iningi labakhiqizi linikela ngama-motors ajwayelekile ahlukahlukene aklanyelwe ama-curve ahlukahlukene we-NEMA.
Inani le-torque elitholakala ngejubane elihlukile ngesikhathi sokuqala libalulekile ngenxa yezidingo zohlelo lokusebenza.
Ama-conveyors asebenza njalo, okusho ukuthi i-torque yazo edingekayo ihlala iqala njalo. Kodwa-ke, abahambisi badinga i-torque eyengeziwe yokuqalisa ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwe-torque njalo. Amanye amadivaysi, anjenge-effect frequency drives kanye nama-hydraulic Clutches, angasebenzisa i-torque ephula umthetho uma ibhande lokuhambisa lidinga i-torque ethe xaxa kunenjini enganikeza ngaphambi kokuqala.
Enye yezinto ezenzeka ngokungafanele zithinta kabi ukuqala komthwalo kungamandla kagesi aphansi. Uma amaconsi e-voltage ahlinzekelwe ngokufaka, i-torque ekhiqizwayo yehla kakhulu.
Uma ucabanga ukuthi i-torque yemoto yanele ukuqala umthwalo, kufanele kubhekwe amandla okuqala. Ubudlelwano phakathi kwamandla kagesi ne-torque ngumsebenzi we-quadratic. Isibonelo, uma ugesi wehla ku-85% ngesikhathi sokuqalisa, imoto izokhiqiza cishe ama-72% e-torque ephelele. Kubalulekile ukuhlola i-torque yokuqala yemoto maqondana nomthwalo ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu.
Ngaleso sikhathi, isici sokusebenza siyinani lokugcwala ngokweqile ukuthi injini ingamelana phakathi kobubanzi bokushisa ngaphandle kokushisa ngokweqile. Kungabonakala sengathi ukukhuphuka kwamanani entela, okungcono, kepha lokhu akunjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Ukuthenga injini eseqile lapho kungakwazi ukwenza amandla aphezulu kungaholela ekuchithekeni kwemali nendawo. Ngokufanelekile, injini kufanele isebenze ngokuqhubekayo phakathi kwama-80% nama-85% amandla alinganiselwe ukukhulisa ukusebenza kahle.
Isibonelo, ama-motors ngokuvamile afinyelela ukusebenza okuphezulu komthwalo ophelele phakathi kuka-75% no-100%. Ukuze wandise ukusebenza kahle, uhlelo lokusebenza kufanele lusebenzise phakathi kwama-80% nama-85% wamandla enjini afakwe ku-nepPlate.