Ucwaningo olusha lwasolwandle lukhombisa ukuthi i-Antarctica's Meltwater iyehlisa imisinga yasolwandle ejulile ethonya ngokuqondile isimo sezulu somhlaba.
Izilwandle zomhlaba zingavela umfaniswano olungile uma zibukwa emphemeni womkhumbi noma indiza, kepha kuningi okwenzekayo ngaphansi kobuso. Imifula emikhulu ithwala ukushisa isuka eTropiki iye e-Arctic nase-Antarctica, lapho amanzi ephola bese egeleza khona futhi ebheke ekhwetha. Abantu abahlala ogwini olusempumalanga yeNyakatho Melika naseYurophu bajwayele ukusakazwa kwe-gulf. Ngaphandle kwawo, lezi zindawo bezingeke zibe zingakhethi, kepha zizobanda kakhulu kunabo manje.
Lokhu kugqwayiza kukhombisa indlela yepayipi lomhlaba wonke. Imicibisholo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ikhombisa indlela yokugeleza kwamanzi okubandayo, okubandayo, okuminyene. Imicibisholo ebomvu ikhombisa indlela yokufudumala, amanzi amaningi angaphezulu komhlaba. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi "iphakethe" lamanzi lingathatha iminyaka eyi-1 000 ukuqedela uhambo lwalo ngebhande lokuhambisa emhlabeni jikelele. Umthombo Wezithombe: NOAA
Imisinga yasolwandle, ngakho-ke ukukhuluma, uhlelo olupholile lwemoto. Uma kukhona okuphazamisa ukuhamba okujwayelekile kokuphola, into embi engenzeka enjini yakho. Kwenzeka into efanayo emhlabeni uma imisinga yasolwandle iphazanywa. Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi basiza ukulawula izinga lokushisa komhlaba komhlaba, kepha baphinde banikeze izakhi ezibalulekile ezidingekayo empilweni yasolwandle. Ngenhla umdwebo onikezwe yi-NOAA echaza ukuthi usebenza kanjani olwandle. Ngezansi kuyincazelo yomlomo kaNoaa.
"Ukujikeleza kwe-thermohaline kuqhutshwa uhlelo lomhlaba wonke lwemifudlana yolwandle olubizwa ngokuthi yi-Global Ponveyor. Ibhande lokuhambisa liqala endaweni yolwandle eduze kwezigxobo zaseNyakatho Atlantic. Lapha amanzi aba ngokubandakanyeka ngenxa yokushisa kwe-arctic. Kuba futhi kube nosawoti ngoba lapho ama-ice asolwandle, usawoti awubandakanyi futhi uhlala emanzi azungezile. Ngenxa kasawoti ongeziwe, amanzi abandayo abe yi-denser futhi acwila phansi olwandle. Ama-Integress of Surface Water afaka amanzi acwila, adala amasondo.
"La manzi ajulile ashukumisela eningizimu, phakathi kwamazwekazi, ngaphesheya kwekhwetha nayo yonke indlela eya emaphethelweni e-Afrika naseNingizimu Melika. I-Ocean Currents igeleza ezungeze imiphetho ye-Antarctica, lapho amanzi ephola futhi acwila, njengaseNyakatho Atlantic. Futhi kunjalo, ibhande lokuhambisa liyakhokhiswa. " Lapho usuhambile e-Antarctica, izingxenye ezimbili zihlukane nebhande lokuhambisa futhi zijike enyakatho. Ingxenye eyodwa ingena oLwandlekazi i-Indian, kanye nenye ingxenye koLwandlekazi iPacific.
"Njengoba siqhubekela enyakatho sibheke ekhwetha, lezi zingxenye ezimbili zihlukane, zifudumale, zibe mnene njengoba zivuka ebusweni. Bese bebuyela eningizimu nasentshonalanga eSouth Atlantic futhi ekugcineni baye eNyakatho Atlantic, lapho umjikelezo uqala khona futhi.
"Amabhande okuhambisa ahamba kancane kancane (amasentimitha ambalwa ngomzuzwana) kunemisipha yomoya noma yamashumi amabili (amashumi kumakhulu amasentimitha ngomzuzwana). Kulinganiselwa ukuthi noma iyiphi imitha ye-cubic yamanzi izothatha cishe iminyaka eyi-1000 ukuqedela uhambo lwayo emhlabeni wonke. Uhambo lwebhande lokuhambisa ngaphezu kwalokho, ibhande lokuhambisa lihambisa inani elikhulu lamanzi - izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezingu-100 ukugeleza koMfula i-Amazon.
"Amabhande ahambisanayo nawo ayingxenye ebalulekile yokuhamba ngebhayisekili yezakhi zomzimba kanye nekhabhoni diokdide olwandle emhlabeni. Amanzi angaphezulu komhlaba afudumele ancishisiwe kwezakhi zomzimba kanye nekhabhoni diokdide, kepha acebiswe futhi njengoba edlula ibhande lokuhambisa njengezendlalelo ezijulile noma i-substrate. Isisekelo se-World Food Chain. Ukuthembela kumanzi apholile, anothile acebile axhasa ukukhula kwe-algae ne-kelp. "
Ucwaningo olusha olushicilelwe ngoMashi 29 ephephabhukwini lwemvelo lubonisa ukuthi njengoba nje ne-Antarctica efudumele, amanzi eqhwa ancibilike anciphise lezi zinguquko ezinkulu zasolwandle ngamaphesenti angama-20. Lokhu kuqondakala kahle, kepha kungaholela ekusheshisweni kwesomiso, izikhukhula kanye nokukhuphuka kwezinga lolwandle. Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi ukunciphisa i-Ocean Currents kungashintsha isimo sezulu somhlaba wonke amakhulu eminyaka. Lokhu, nakho, kungaba nemiphumela ehlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ukukhuphuka kwezinga lolwandle ngokushesha, ukuguqula amaphethini wesimo sezulu kanye nethuba lokuphila kwasolwandle okulambile ngaphandle kokuthola imithombo ebalulekile yezakhi zomsoco.
USolwazi Matt England, ovela e-University of New South Wales 'Center ngesimo sokushintshwa kwesimo sezulu kanye nombhali ocwaningweni oshicilelwe ephephabhukwini lwemvelo, uthe lonke ulwandle lwasolwandle olujulile lwalusenkingeni yalo yamanje ekubhekeni. "Esikhathini esedlule, kwathatha iminyaka engaphezu kwenkulungwane noma kunjalo ukuze le mijikelezo iguquke, kepha manje ithatha amashumi ambalwa eminyaka. Lokhu kwenzeka ngokushesha okukhulu kunalokho esikucabanga, le mijikelezo iyancipha. Sikhuluma ngokuqothulwa kwesikhathi eside. izixuku zamanzi zodumo. " "
Ukuncipha kwemisinga yasolwandle ejulile kungenxa yenani lamanzi elicwila phansi olwandle bese ligeleza enyakatho. UDkt Qian Li, owayekade e-University of New South Wales futhi manje weMassachusetts Institute of Technology, ungumbhali oholayo ocwaningweni, olwahlanganiswa yiNgilandi. Ukwehla kwezomnotho "kuzoshintsha kakhulu ukuphendula kolwandle ekushiseni, amanzi afuvini, umoya-mpilo, i-oksijini, ikhabhoni nezakhi zomzimba, okushiwoyo wonke ama-olwandle emhlabeni wonke azayo," kusho ababhali. Umphumela owodwa ungaba ushintsho oluyisisekelo emvuleni - ezinye izindawo zithola imvula eningi kanti ezinye zincane kakhulu.
"Asifuni ukudala izindlela zokuziqinisa ezikulezi zindawo," kusho uLee, engeza ukuthi ukwehla kwehla ngolwandle olujulile, ukunciphisa umoya-mpilo. Lapho izidalwa zasolwandle zifa, zinezela izakhi zomzimba emanzini angena phansi olwandle futhi ajikeleze kuwo wonke amazwe emhlabeni. Lezi zakhi zokudla zibuya lapho zihlala khona futhi zisebenza njengokudla kwe-phytoplankton. Lesi yisisekelo sechungechunge lokudla lwasolwandle.
UDkt Steve Rintoul, uchwepheshe we-Ocean Ocean kanye no-Ocean Ocean eCommonwealth's Commonwealth Scient's Commonwealth Inhlangano Yezinhlangano Zezimboni, kusho ukuthi ukusakazwa kolwandle okujulile kuyabuya, izakhamzimba ezimbalwa zizobuyela kolwandle oluphezulu, zithinta ukukhiqizwa kwe-phytoplankton. ngekhulu leminyaka.
"Lapho nje ukujikeleza kwegazi kuhambahamba, singakuqala kabusha ngokumisa ukukhishwa kwamanzi ancibilikayo e-Antarctica, okusho ukuthi sidinga isimo esipholile bese kufanele silinde ukuthi siqale kabusha. Ukuphuma kwethu okuphezulu kwegesi abamba ukushisa abamba ukushisa okuhlala isikhathi eside silinda, lapho sizibophezela ekwenzeni izinguquko ezengeziwe. Uma sibheka emuva eminyakeni engama-20 eyedlule, sacabanga ukuthi ulwandle olujulile aluzange lushintshe lukhulu. Wayekude kakhulu ukusabela. Kepha ukubonwa kanye namamodeli kusikisela okuhlukile. "
USolwazi Stefan RahmStorf, umdwebi wezinto zasolwandle kanye nenhloko yoMhlaba Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Potsdam Institute for Climal Impacture Research, kusho lolu cwaningo olusha lubonisa ukuthi "Isimo sezulu e-Antarctica kungenzeka senze buthaka kakhulu emashumini eminyaka azayo." Umbiko omkhulu wesimo sezulu "ukushiyeka okubalulekile nokuma eside" ngoba akubonisi ukuthi amanzi anciphile athinta kanjani ulwandle olujulile. "Amanzi ancibilikayo afaka okuqukethwe usawoti kulezi zindawo zolwandle, okwenza amanzi abe mkhulu ngakho-ke akunaso isisindo esanele sokucwila nokukhipha amanzi asevele efika lapho."
Njengoba isilinganiso samazinga okushisa komhlaba wonke qhubeka ukukhuphuka, kukhona ukuxhumana phakathi kwamatshe ahamba kancane kanye nesidingo esingaba khona se-geoengineering ukupholisa iplanethi. Bobabili bazoba nemiphumela engalindeleki engaba nemiphumela emibi ezimpilweni zabantu ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba.
Isixazululo, kunjalo, ukunciphisa kakhulu i-carbon dioxide kanye nokukhishwa komhlaba we-methane, kepha abaholi bomhlaba bephuze ukubhekana nobudlova babhekane nalezi zinkinga ngoba ukwenza njalo kuzoholela ekubuyiseleni kwabathengisi kanye nentukuthelo abasuka kubathengi abathembela kumafutha e-fossil. Izimoto zikaphethiloli ezivuthayo, izindlu zishisa amakhaya namandla e-Intanethi.
Uma i-United States ibibucayi ngokwenza abathengi bakhokhele ukulahleka okubangelwa amafutha amancane avuthayo, izindleko zikagesi ezivela ezitshalweni zamandla zamalahle zizodlula kathathu noma okuphindwe kathathu, futhi intengo kaphethiloli idlula ama-gallon. Uma kwenzeka noma yikuphi okungenhla, iningi labavoti lizokhala futhi livotele abazongenela abathembisa ukubuyisa izinsuku ezindala. Ngamanye amagama, cishe sizoqhubeka sibheke esikhathini esizayo esingakhonzisi, futhi izingane zethu nabazukulu bazobhekana nemiphumela yokwehluleka kwethu ukwenza nganoma iyiphi indlela enengqondo.
USolwazi Rahmstorff uthe kwesinye isici esikhathazayo semisivu yolwandle ebangelwa ukwanda kwamanani ama-ntarttater e-Antarctica ukuthi i-Deping Ocean Dioxide ingagcinwa olwandle olujulile olungagcinwa olwandle olujulile. Singasiza ekunciphiseni lesi simo ngokunciphisa ukuphuma kwekhabhoni kanye ne-methane ukuphuma, kepha kunobufakazi obuncane bokuthi intando yezepolitiki yokwenza lokho.
USteve ubhala ngokuhlangana kwezobuchwepheshe nokusimama kwakhe ekhaya lakhe eFlorida noma lapho amandla angamthatha khona. Ubeqhosha ngokuthi "bavuka" futhi abanendaba nokuthi kungani ingilazi liphule. Ukholelwa ngokuqinile emazwini kaSocrates, eyakhulunywa eminyakeni engama-3 000 edlule: "Imfihlo yoshintsho ukugxila kuwo wonke amandla akho hhayi ukulwa nendala, kepha ekwakheni okusha."
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